Although the full assessment of drinking water quality is carried out by specialised laboratories and water suppliers, consumers can make a first assessment based on their senses.
Below are some simple observational steps that can help you identify potential problems.
1. Smell – What can an unusual odour mean?
- Chlorine odour: This is common after disinfection. If the smell is intense, leave the water to stand in a glass for a few minutes. If the smell fades, it is most likely disinfectant residue.
- Earthy or musty smell: This may be related to the growth of microorganisms or organic compounds in the network.
- Metallic smell: Possible indication of pipe corrosion, especially in older networks.
What you can do
If the smell persists, avoid using the water and contact your water supplier for clarifications.
2. Taste – What are the basic indications of deterioration?
- Chlorine taste: It is permitted at low intensity, but it should not be intensely unpleasant.
- Metallic or rusty taste: This may come from old pipes or indoor installations.
- Strange, sour, or bitter taste: Possible indication of contamination or overconcentration of soluble substances.
What you can do
Try running the water from different taps. If the quality problem is observed across all sources, it may originate from the network and require intervention by the provider.
3. Visual indicators – What to watch for
- Cloudiness: If the water appears cloudy, pour some into a glass and let it stand. If the cloudiness subsides, it is likely to be caused by air bubbles.
- Sediment or particles: These may indicate damage to filters or the inner surfaces of the pipe system.
- Colour changes (brown, yellowish, reddish): This is often associated with rust or raised levels of iron in the network.
What you can do
Check whether the problem is limited to a specific tap or location. If the problem persists, contact your provider.
General Advice for Consumers
- Check water quality repeatedly, not just once. Organoleptic changes may be temporary (e.g. after maintenance work).
- Contact your provider if you notice systematic changes. Under Directive (EU) 2020/2184, citizens have the right to be kept informed about the quality of water in their area.
